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Horror film franchise

A Nightmare on Elm Street
A Nightmare on Elm Street franchise logo.png

Official franchise logo
Created by Wes Craven
Original work A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984)
Owner Warner Bros. Pictures
Years 1984–present
Impress publications
Novel(s) List of novels
Comics List of comics
Films and idiot box
Pic(southward) List of films
Television series Freddy'south Nightmares (1988–1990)
Games
Video game(s) List of video games
Miscellaneous
Character(s) List of characters

A Nightmare on Elm Street is an American supernatural slasher-horror media franchise consisting of nine films, a television serial, novels, comic books, and various other media. The franchise began with the pic A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984), written and directed by Wes Chicken. The overall plot of the franchise centers around the fictional character Fred "Freddy" Krueger, the apparition of a former-child killer who was burned live by the vengeful parents of his victims, who returns from the grave to terrorize and impale the teenage residents of Springwood, Ohio in their dreams. Craven returned to the franchise to co-script the 2nd sequel, A Nightmare on Elm Street three: Dream Warriors (1987), and to write/directly New Nightmare (1994). The films collectively grossed $472 1000000 at the box office worldwide.

The original film was released in 1984. A series of sequels produced by the independent film company New Line Movie theatre followed. New Line often attributes the growth of their company to the success of the Nightmare series.[ane] The film series as a whole has received mixed reviews by critics, but has been a fiscal success at the box office. When comparing the United states box office grosses of other American horror film series, A Nightmare on Elm Street is the third highest grossing serial in adjusted US dollars.[2] In 1988, a television receiver serial was produced with Freddy as the host. The airplane pilot episode focused on the night Freddy was burned live past the aroused parents of the children he had killed, though the remainder of the series featured episodes with independent plots. Twelve novels, separate from the adaptations of the films, and multiple comic book serial were published featuring Freddy Krueger, as well every bit a crossover film featuring fellow horror icon Jason Voorhees from the Fri the 13th franchise. A remake of the 1984 film was released in 2010, while a reboot is in development.[3] [4] [5]

Films [edit]

Overview [edit]

The original film, written and directed by Wes Craven and titled A Nightmare on Elm Street, was released in 1984. The story focuses on Freddy Krueger (Robert Englund) attacking Nancy Thompson (Heather Langenkamp) and her friends in their dreams, successfully killing all just Nancy, in fictional Springwood, Ohio. Krueger's back-story is revealed by Nancy'due south female parent, Marge, who explains he was a child murderer. The parents of Springwood killed Krueger after he was acquitted on a technicality. Nancy defeats Freddy by pulling him from the dream world and stripping him of his powers when she stops being afraid of him.[vi] Freddy returns to attack the new family, the Walshes, living in Nancy Thompson's house in 1985'southward A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge. Freddy possesses the body of Jesse Walsh (Marking Patton), using him to kill. Jesse is temporarily saved by his girlfriend Lisa (Kim Myers), who helps him exorcise Krueger's spirit.[seven]

Wes Chicken returned to write A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors, released in 1987. In the 2nd sequel, Freddy is systematically killing the last of the Elm Street children. The few remaining children have been placed in Westin Hills Mental Establishment, for allegedly attempting suicide. Nancy Thompson arrives at Westin Hills as a new intern, and realizes the children are being killed by Freddy. With the help of Dr. Neil Gordon (Craig Wasson), Nancy helps Kristen Parker (Patricia Arquette), Joey (Rodney Eastman), Taryn (Jennifer Rubin), Kincaid (Ken Sagoes), and Will (Ira Heiden) find their dream powers, then they tin kill Freddy in one case and for all. Neil, unknowingly until the stop, meets the spirit of Freddy's mother, Amanda Krueger (Nan Martin), who instructs him to bury Freddy's remains in hallowed basis in order to stop him for practiced. Neil completes his task, just not earlier Freddy kills Nancy.[eight]

The story of Kristen Parker would continue with 1988'due south A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Principal. This time, Kristen (Tuesday Knight) unwittingly releases Freddy, who immediately kills Kincaid and Joey. Before Freddy can kill Kristen, she transfers her dream powers to Alice Johnson (Lisa Wilcox), a friend from school. Alice begins inadvertently providing victims for Freddy when she begins pulling people into her dreams while she sleeps. Alice, who begins taking on traits of the friends who were murdered, confronts Freddy. She uses the power of the Dream Master to release all the souls Freddy has taken; they later rip themselves from Freddy's body, killing him in the process.[9]

Picking up shortly after the events of The Dream Chief, A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child involves Freddy using Alice'southward unborn child, Jacob (Whitby Hertford), to resurrect himself and find new victims. The spirit of Amanda Krueger (Beatrice Boepple) returns, revealing that Freddy was conceived when she, a nun working in a mental aviary, was accidentally locked in a room with "100 maniacs" and raped "hundreds of times". Amanda Krueger convinces Jacob to use the powers he was given by Freddy against him, which gives her the chance to subdue Freddy long plenty for Alice and Jacob to escape the dream world.[10]

Two years later, 1991'due south Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare followed the exploits of "John Doe" (Shon Greenblatt), an amnesiac teenager from Springwood, who was sent out to detect Freddy'south daughter Maggie (Lisa Zane), who he needs to leave Springwood. Freddy'south goal is to create new "Elm Streets", and begin a new killing spree afterwards having killed all of the children in Springwood. Maggie, utilizing new dream techniques, uncovers Krueger's past, which include: existence taunted past schoolmates for being the "son of 100 maniacs", being brutal to animals, beaten by his stepfather, the murder of his own wife when she discovers he has been killing children, and the moment when the Dream Demons arrive in his boiler room to make him the offering of eternal life. Somewhen, Maggie pulls Freddy out of the dream world, and uses a pipe flop to blow him upward.[11]

Wes Chicken returned to the Nightmare series a tertiary time with New Nightmare in 1994. This film focuses on a fictional "reality", where Chicken, Langenkamp, and Englund all play themselves, and where the graphic symbol of Freddy Krueger is actually an evil entity that has been trapped in the realm of fiction past all the movies that have been made. Since the movies have stopped, the entity, which likes being Freddy Krueger, is trying to escape into the real earth. The only person in its way is Heather Langenkamp, who the entity sees every bit "Nancy" – the first person who defeated him. Craven explains to Langenkamp the only way to continue the entity contained is for her to "play Nancy one concluding time". Langenkamp pursues "Krueger", who has kidnapped her son, into the dream world as "Nancy". There, she and her son trap Krueger in a furnace until he is finally destroyed.[12]

In 2003, New Line pitted Fri the 13th's Jason Voorhees against Freddy Krueger. The motion-picture show, Freddy vs. Jason, explains that Freddy Krueger has grown weak equally people in Springwood, his home, have suppressed their fear of him. Freddy, who is impersonating Pamela Voorhees, the mother of Jason Voorhees, sends Jason (Ken Kirzinger) to Springwood to crusade panic and fear. Jason accomplishes this, simply refuses to end killing. A battle ensues in both the dream globe and Crystal Lake between the ii villains. The winner is left cryptic, as Jason surfaces from the lake belongings Freddy's severed head, which winks and laughs.[xiii]

In 2010, a remake of the original Nightmare on Elm Street was released. Here, Freddy (Jackie Earle Haley) stalks the dreams of Nancy Holbrook (Rooney Mara) and her friends equally they discover that they all share a common link from their childhood; they were all molested by Freddy before he was murdered by their vengeful parents. Now a supernatural forcefulness in their dreams, Freddy kills off the children that alerted the parents about his transgressions. Freddy slowly works his manner to Nancy, his favorite of the children, and manipulates her into going without slumber long enough that her body falls into a coma, resulting in permanent slumber and life with Freddy forever. Nancy is awakened when her friend Quentin (Kyle Gallner) injects adrenaline into her and pulls Freddy out of the dreamworld, where she and Quentin kill him and fire the remains of his body.[14]

Development [edit]

The basis for the original Nightmare on Elm Street has been said to have been inspired by several newspaper articles printed in the LA Times in the 1970s on a group of Central khmer refugees, who, after fleeing to America from the Central khmer Rouge Genocide in Cambodia, were suffering agonizing nightmares after which they refused to slumber. Some of the men died in their sleep soon after. Medical authorities called the phenomenon "Asian Decease Syndrome". The condition itself afflicted only men between the ages of 19-57 and is believed to exist sudden unexplained death syndrome and/or Brugada syndrome.[15] The 1970s pop vocal "Dream Weaver" by Gary Wright sealed the story for Chicken, giving him not merely an artistic setting to "bound off" from, but a synthesizer riff from the Elm Street soundtrack as well.[16] It has also been stated that he drew some inspiration after studying eastern religions.[17]

Initially, Fred Krueger was intended to exist a kid molester, only Chicken eventually decided to characterize him equally a child murderer to avoid beingness accused of exploiting a spate of highly publicized child molestation cases that occurred in California around the fourth dimension of product of the moving picture.[18] By Craven's account, his ain adolescent experiences led to the naming of Fred Krueger. He had been bullied at school by a child named Fred Krueger, and named his villain accordingly.[18] The colored sweater he chose for his villain was based on the DC Comics character Plastic Man, and Chicken chose to make Krueger'southward sweater colors that of red and green, after reading an article in Scientific American in 1982 that said the 2 most ambivalent colors to the human retina were this particular combination.[nineteen]

Robert Englund has revealed that at a fourth dimension, there was a serious evolution toward a prequel for Freddy's story called The Start Kills, which would have been centered effectually two policemen chasing for the Springwood Slasher and two lawyers during the legal proceedings. Englund claims that John McNaughton was considered for directing the prequel, only these plans were forgotten after New Line Cinema was merged with Turner Broadcasting Arrangement in 1994.[20] [21] McNaughton came back subsequently effectually the millennium shift and hoped to produce an culling prequel story, alongside scriptwriter R.J. Tsarov, which would take been fix in Hell, where McNaughton imagined Freddy to have been stuck in between his lynching and the events of the 1984 film. New Line Cinema rejected this idea due to the flick Picayune Nicky (2000) having been partially set in Hell while also being a box-office bomb, deterring the visitor from producing another film prepare in Hell at that fourth dimension.[22] [23]

On Jan 29, 2008, Variety reported that Michael Bay and his Platinum Dunes production visitor would be rebooting the Nightmare on Elm Street franchise with a remake of the original 1984 pic.[24] To provide a freshness to the character, producer Brad Fuller explained that they were abandoning the things that made the character less scary—Freddy would not be "cracking jokes" every bit had become a staple of his character in later sequels—and focus more on trying to craft a "horrifying pic".[25] There was not understanding among the original crew equally to whether it would be a skillful idea to remake the film. Craven expressed his displeasure, primarily because the filmmakers chose non to accept him as a consultant to the film, dissimilar with the 2009 remake The Last House on the Left where he "shepherd[ed] information technology towards product".[26] In contrast, Robert Englund felt it was fourth dimension for A Nightmare on Elm Street to be remade. Englund liked the idea of existence able to "exploit the dreamscape" with CGI and other technologies that did not be when Craven was making the original Nightmare on Elm Street in 1984.[27]

Box office [edit]

When comparing A Nightmare on Elm Street with the other top-grossing horror series—Child's Play, Fri the 13th, Halloween, the Hannibal Lecter series, Psycho, Saw, Scream, and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre—and adjusting for the 2010 inflation,[28] A Nightmare on Elm Street is the third highest grossing horror series, in the United States, at approximately $583.4 meg.[2] The serial is topped by Friday the 13th at $671.5 one thousand thousand.[29] A Nightmare on Elm Street is after the Halloween series with $620.iv million,[30] then Hannibal Lecter series with $579.4 million,[31] Saw with $404.5 meg,[32] Scream with $398.three million,[33] Psycho with $370.iii million,[34] The Texas Chainsaw Massacre with $314.6 million,[35] and the Child'southward Play film series rounding out the listing with approximately $199.vii million.[36]

Film Release date (US) Budget Box function acquirement Reference
United States Other territories Worldwide
A Nightmare on Elm Street (1984) Nov ix, 1984 (1984-xi-09) $1,800,000[37] $25,504,513 $31,500,000 $57,004,513 [38] [39] [40]
A Nightmare on Elm Street 2: Freddy's Revenge November one, 1985 (1985-xi-01) $iii,000,000[41] $29,999,213 $29,999,213 [42]
A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors February 27, 1987 (1987-02-27) $4,300,000–4,600,000[39] [43] $44,793,222 $44,793,222 [44]
A Nightmare on Elm Street iv: The Dream Master August 19, 1988 (1988-08-19) $half-dozen,500,000[39] [45] $49,369,899 $49,369,899 [46]
A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child Baronial eleven, 1989 (1989-08-11) $8,000,000[47] $22,168,359 $22,168,359 [48]
Freddy's Expressionless: The Final Nightmare September thirteen, 1991 (1991-09-xiii) $9,000,000[39] $34,872,033 $34,872,033 [49]
Wes Craven's New Nightmare October xiv, 1994 (1994-ten-14) $8,000,000[50] $18,090,181 $1,631,560 $xix,721,741 [51]
Freddy vs. Jason August fifteen, 2003 (2003-08-15) $30,000,000[52] $82,622,655 $34,009,973 $116,632,628 [53]
A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010) April 30, 2010 (2010-04-30) $35,000,000[54] $63,075,011 $54,654,610 $117,729,621 [55] [56]
Totals $105,600,000–$105,900,000 $370,495,086 $121,796,143 $474,286,716

Future [edit]

In August 2015, it was reported that Warner Bros. Pictures and New Line Picture palace were developing a second remake with Orphan writer David Leslie Johnson, with Toby Emmerich, Walter Hamada and Dave Neustadter producing it.[57]

In June 2016, Brad Fuller said the remake was in development hell. Englund expressed interest in returning to the series in a cameo role.[58] He later expressed interest in having Kevin Bacon to portray Freddy.[59]

In December 2018, Leslie Johnson said the remake of A Nightmare on Elm Street is still in development, simply New Line Movie theatre is more than focused on The Conjuring Universe:

"It'due south notwithstanding happening. Zip is percolating just nevertheless. The Conjuring universe is sort of offset and foremost on [New Line Movie theater's] horror burner. Everybody wants to see Freddy again I think, and so I think it'south inevitable at some point".[60]

In September 2019, Bloody Disgusting reported that the picture rights were reverted to Wes Craven's manor. The site too revealed in Nov that the estate had begun work on resurrecting Freddy, as they were actively taking pitches for a new Nightmare on Elm Street pic. They were reportedly looking for both characteristic film pitches and concepts for a possible HBO Max serial, with Robert Englund reprising his function as Freddy Krueger.[61] [62] [63]

Television receiver [edit]

First on October nine, 1988, Freddy's Nightmares was an anthology series, in the vein of The Twilight Zone, which featured different horror stories each week. The prove was hosted past Freddy Krueger, with Robert Englund reprising his role from the films. Freddy played more of a groundwork character, just occasionally showed upwards to influence the plot of item episodes. The series ran for ii seasons and a total of 44 episodes, ending March 10, 1990.[64] Although most of the episodes did non characteristic Freddy taking a major role in the plot, the pilot episode "No More Mr. Prissy Guy" depicts the events of Krueger's trial, and his subsequent death at the hands of the parents of Elm Street afterwards his acquittal. Directed by Tobe Hooper, creator of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise, Freddy'due south amortization is based on the arresting officer, Lt. Tim Blocker, not reading him his Miranda rights, which is different from the original Nightmare that stated he was acquitted because someone forgot to sign a search warrant. Afterward the town's parents fire Freddy to death he returns to haunt Blocker in his dreams. Freddy gets his revenge when Blocker is put to sleep at the dentist'due south function, and Freddy shows upwardly and kills him.[65]

In other media [edit]

Literature [edit]

Novels [edit]

Between 1987 and 2003, Freddy Krueger appeared in the novelization of each of the films. The first five films were adapted past St. Martin's Printing. Those adaptations follow the films closely, with minor changes to specific details that occurred in the picture. A Nightmare on Elm Street 3 does not follow the respective film, instead utilizing the same plot elements to tell a different story birthday. This novel also provides a different backstory for Freddy.[66] [67] In 1992, Abdo & Daughters Publishing Company released adaptations of their own for the start half dozen films. Written by Bob Italia, each was under one hundred pages and followed the films' plot.[68] [69] [seventy] [71] [72] [73] The final two books, Wes Craven'southward New Nightmare and Freddy vs. Jason, were published by Tor Books and Black Flame. These novels as well followed the films closely, with the adaptation of Freddy vs. Jason containing a unlike ending than the movie.[74] [75]

Comic books [edit]

The popularity of the pic series besides led to the creation of several comic book series published by companies such as Marvel Comics, Innovation Comics, Trident Comics, Avatar Printing and, almost recently, WildStorm Comics. Writers such as Steve Gerber, Andy Mangels, Chuck Dixon and Brian Pulido have all contributed stories to the various series. There accept been crossovers with other franchises, such as Freddy vs. Jason vs. Ash: The Nightmare Warriors.

Documentary [edit]

On May four, 2010, a 4-hour documentary chronicling the Nightmare on Elm Street series was released. The documentary includes interviews with the cast and crew for all of the Nightmare films.[76] In a wish to utilize individuals who contributed to the series, the makers of the documentary procured poster artist Matthew Joseph Peak to create the artwork for the release poster and DVD comprehend, and composer Charles Bernstein for the film'due south main championship music.[77] [78] Equally office of a special offering, the filmmakers gave away a limited edition poster to anyone that ordered the documentary from the official website. Those aforementioned individuals would likewise be entered into a drawing to win one of three 27" × 40" teaser posters signed by dozens of people who worked on the films and were interviewed in the documentary.[79] Michael Gingold of Fangoria felt the filmmakers did an amazing job bringing together all of the behind-the-scenes footage, picture, never-before-seen deleted scenes, FX scenes, and other "treasures". Gingold noted that even die-hard fans would discover something new.[80] Bloody Disgusting's Ryan Daley praised the film for being educational, and looking at the legacy of both A Nightmare on Elm Street and New Line Cinema. Daley believed that there was no better horror documentary.[81] Nick Hyman of Under the Radar noted that Never Slumber Again, unlike the earlier His Proper name Was Jason documentary, provided a more candid interview process with the people involved. Hyman pointed out that the all-time part of the documentary is the expect at New Line's success through the Elm Street films, and the fiscal struggles and deadlines that plagued the film series.[82]

Aside from the Never Sleep Again: The Elm Street Legacy documentary, some smaller documentaries have been made; The Making of 'Nightmare on Elm Street IV' (1989) and The Making of Freddy'southward Dead: The Last Nightmare (1991) covered the making of role iv and six respectively.[83] [84] MTV released another short promotional special Slash & Burn: The Freddy Krueger Story in 1991.[85] Robert Englund also narrated the documentary Freddy Speaks in 1992, both every bit himself and equally Freddy Krueger.[86] Heather Langenkamp released her own documentary called I Am Nancy in 2011, while Mark Patton also released a personal documentary, Scream, Queen! My Nightmare on Elm Street in 2019.[87]

Trade [edit]

In February 2010, Funko released a Freddy Bobblehead.[88] As well in 2010, NECA released a 10" boob of Freddy Krueger from Phillip's death scene in A Nightmare on Elm Street 3: Dream Warriors,[89] a metal replica of his glove, and ii action figures: Freddy before he was burned, and the other being him later the burning, including ii interchangeable heads.[ninety]

Video games [edit]

A Nightmare on Elm Street is the shared proper name of two unrelated video games released in 1989, both loosely based on the series. From amidst those films, Dream Warriors and The Dream Master were particular influences on the gameplay of each. LJN (programmed by Rare) released 1 title for the NES, and Monarch Software the other for the Commodore 64 and IBM PC compatibles.

  • A Nightmare on Elm Street : A Nintendo Amusement System videogame released in 1989. Up to four players command characters who bound and punch their way through Elm Street locations as they collect the bones of Freddy Krueger to identify them in a furnace and cease his reign of terror. Each character tin can withstand just four hits from opponents before losing a life. An on-screen meter slowly diminishes (more quickly when sustaining damage), representing how close a item character is to falling asleep. Obtaining cups of coffee within the game restores characters' slumber bar. When any character'due south slumber bar empties, all the players are transported to the dream world, where enemies take on new appearances and are more difficult to defeat. In the dream earth, java cups are replaced with radios, which render the characters to the normal world and difficulty. Dream Warrior icons appear that once collected by whatsoever player, permit transformation into one of iii "Dream Warriors". Each warrior has a projectile attack and improved movement: ninja (throwing stars, jump kick), acrobat (javelins, somersault), and magician (fireballs, hovering). These icons appear but in the normal earth, and can be used just in the dream. If a graphic symbol remains comatose too long, the film's theme song plays and a combative meet with Freddy ensues. Upon collecting all the bones in a level, the player is automatically put in the dream world and battles Freddy, who takes on a special class similar to those presented in the films. The final level is ready at Elm Street High Schoolhouse as players navigate to the banality room to burn Freddy'south bones. Here one concluding battle with Freddy Krueger occurs. The game tin can utilize the NES Four Score or NES Satellite accessories to enable four-player gameplay.
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street : A game produced by Monarch Software for C64/IBM-PC gaming. Developed by Westwood Associates, its role-playing elements and overhead viewpoint deport some similarity to Gauntlet. The player chooses to play as either Kincaid, Kristen Parker, Will, Nancy, or Taryn on a quest to salvage Joey and defeat Freddy. The player must locate keys to open doors. Weapons and items are scattered near the levels or tin can be purchased from vending machines. Enemies are varied, from skeletons to wheelchairs. Freddy assumes the role of "dominate monster" and transforms into a snake, much similar his appearance in A Nightmare on Elm Street iii: Dream Warriors.

David Bergantino, video game developer, wanted to produce a Freddy vs. Jason game chosen Freddy vs. Jason: Hell Unbound, simply the moving picture beingness stuck in evolution hell constantly delayed any release of a video game, and once a release date had been prepare for the film, there would been insufficient time to develop the game to correspond with the flick'due south release date. The game would accept connected on from Jason Goes to Hell: The Final Fri (1993) and take been its ain storyline instead of existence based on any screenplay. Bergantino considered Dreamcast, PlayStation two and later on Xbox as possible platforms for the video game. The game would have allowed up to four players with Freddy or Jason as actor characters, in various forms such as "Hooded Jason" or "Snake-Freddy". The premise would take been that Freddy and Jason are permanently stuck in Hell due to their countless unforgivable sins; Expiry makes the offering that whoever of the two can fight their way out of Hell, against demons and others of its denizens, gaining the highest body-count, would accept been allowed to leave Hell, while the loser will remain stuck there forever. As each of the slashers are stuck in their personal hells, versions of Elm Street and Camp Crystal Lake would have existed at that place in some form. Freddy-based levels would take been more surreal, while Freddy could accept toyed with Jason'south perceptions.[91]

References [edit]

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External links [edit]

Films
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street at IMDb
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street two: Freddy's Revenge at IMDb
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street iii: Dream Warriors at IMDb
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master at IMDb
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street v: The Dream Kid at IMDb
  • Freddy's Dead: The Final Nightmare at IMDb
  • Wes Craven's New Nightmare at IMDb
  • Freddy vs. Jason at IMDb
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010) at IMDb
Video games
  • A Nightmare on Elm Street at MobyGames
  • PC Game Review at I-Mockery
Miscellaneous
  • Nightmare on Elm Street Companion

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A_Nightmare_on_Elm_Street_(franchise)

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